The Two-State Delusion by Padraig O'Malley

Author:Padraig O'Malley
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Penguin Publishing Group
Published: 2015-06-30T16:00:00+00:00

Chapter 2 Dueling Narratives and Addiction to Narrative

1. Adwan et al., Side by Side, x.

2. Ibid.

3. Ibid., xv.

4. Ibid. “This tension between two contradictory symmetries is well known to those of us who are experienced with working with small groups under fire,” writes Maoz in “Coexistence Is in the Eye of the Beholder.”

The “double minority” syndrome expressed here is somewhat analogous to the double minority syndrome in Northern Ireland. Catholics saw themselves as a minority in Northern Ireland; Protestants, on the other hand, saw themselves as a minority in all of Ireland. Hence, both saw themselves as the “real” minority and used that prism to determine their worldview. In the Israel-Palestine conflict this translates into both sides seeing themselves as the “real” victims. In Northern Ireland, as in Israel, it did nothing to ameliorate Protestants’ sense of superiority to and condescension toward Catholics. Israel overcompensates for this “feeling inferior” by asserting its authority over an occupied people, through the strength of its military, through its claims to exceptionalism, etc.

5. Building on Tel Aviv University psychology professor Arie Nadler’s work on instrumental and socioeconomic paths to reconciliation, Columbia University’s Jennifer S. Goldman and Peter T. Coleman examine how the emotional experience of humiliation contributes to the enduring nature of some conflicts. Their work is part of a broader research agenda on the relationship between moral emotions and behavior. Goldman and Coleman, “How Humiliation Fuels Intractable Conflict.” See also Nadler and Schnabel, “Instrumental and Socio-Emotional Paths to Intergroup Reconciliation and the Needs-Based Model of Socio-Emotional Reconciliation.” This article appears in Nadler et al., Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations.

6. Clovis Maksoud, “Netanyahu Stuck on Repeat in Palestine,” Lebanon Pulse, Al-Monitor, October 15, 2013, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/10/netanyahu-knesset-negotiations-peace-palestine-israel.html.

7. Jodi Rudoren, “Sticking Point in Peace Talks: Recognition of a Jewish State,” New York Times, January 1, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/02/world/middleeast/sticking-point-in-peace-talks-recognition-of-a-jewish-state.html?_r=0.

8. Ibid.

9. “Netanyahu’s AIPAC Speech: The Full Transcript,” Haaretz, March 4, 2014, http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.577920.

10. Sayigh, “The Palestinian Identity,” 3–22; Sa’di, “Catastrophe, Memory and Identity,” 175–200; Barbara Landau and George Awad, “Shrinking the Gap: Our Fears About the Middle East and Our Identity Group,” CommonGroundNews.org, July 9, 2009, http://www.commongroundnews.org/article.php?id=25871&lan=en&sp=1.

11. Muhammad Shtayyeh, interview with the author, October 29, 2011. All quotes from Shtayyeh in this chapter are from this interview unless otherwise noted.

12. Bar-Tal, “Sociopsychological Foundations of Intractable Conflicts.”

13. Lerner, Embracing Israel/Palestine, 256.

14. Ibid.

15. Ibid.

16. Garth Stevens, Gillian Eagle, Debra Kaminer, and Craig Higson-Smith, “Continuous Traumatic Stress: Conceptual Conversations in Contexts of Global Conflict, Violence and Trauma,” Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 19, no. 2 (May 2013), doi: 10.1037/a0032484.

17. Ibid.

18. Ibid.

19. Ibid.

20. Ignacio Martin-Baro, “Political Violence and War as Causes of Psychosocial Trauma in El Salvador,” International Journal of Mental Health 18, no. 1 (1989): 3–20.

21. Noa Schori, Yechiel Klar, and Sonia Roccas, “‘In Every Generation, They Rise Up Against Us to Annihilate Us’: Perpetual Ingroup Victimhood Orientation (PIVO) and Behavior in a Current Intergroup Conflict” (paper presented at the International

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